![]() This program ran only on IBM VM/SP CMS, but was the inspiration for other programs, including filelist (a script run via the Xedit editor), and programs running on other operating systems, including a program also called flist, which ran on OpenVMS, and FULIST (from the name of the corresponding internal IBM program), which runs on Unix. The file attributes could be passed to scripts or function-key definitions, making it simple to use flist as part of CMS EXEC, EXEC 2 or XEDIT scripts. The flist program provided a list of files in the user's minidisk, and allowed sorting by any file attribute. This is a variant of FULIST, which originated before late 1978, according to comments by its author, Theo Alkema. It had some of the same features that would end up in orthodox file managers.Īnother such file manager is flist, which was introduced sometime before 1980 on the Conversational Monitor System. It ran on the Xerox Alto in the 1973-1974 time frame. Dired inspired other programs, including dired, the editor script (for emacs and similar editors), and ded.įile-list file managers are lesser known and older than orthodox file managers. This was in turn inspired by an older program with the same name running on TOPS-20. The term was used by other developers, including Jay Lepreau, who wrote the dired program in 1980, which ran on BSD. ![]() Ī directory editor was written for EXEC 8 at the University of Maryland, and was available to other users at that time. An early directory editor, DIRED, was developed circa 1974 at the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory by Stan Kugell. This is achieved by allowing the user to browse for a file server (connecting and accessing the server's file system like a local file system) or by providing its own full client implementations for file server protocols.Ī term that predates the usage of file manager is directory editor. Some file managers provide network connectivity via protocols, such as FTP, HTTP, NFS, SMB or WebDAV. Some file managers contain features analogous to web browsers, including forward and back navigational buttons, an address bar, tabs, and a bookmark side bar. Files could technically be compared with checksums, but that would require reading through the entire source and target files, which would slow down the process significantly on larger files. Overwriting may be conditional, such as when the source file is newer or differs in size. Some file managers move multiple files by copying and deleting each selected file from the source individually, while others first copy all selected files, then delete them from the source afterwards, as described in computer file § Moving methods.Ĭonflicting file names in a target directory may be handled through renaming, overwriting, or skipping. The ability to pause the file transfer allows temporarily granting other software full sequential read access while allowing to resume later without having to restart the file transfer. While transferring files, a file manager may show the source and destination directories, transfer progress in percentage and/or size, progress bar, name of the file currently being transferred, remaining and/or total number of files, numerical transfer rate, and graphical transfer rate. Graphical file managers may support copying and moving of files through " copy and paste" and "cut and paste" respectively, as well as through drag and drop, and a separate menu for selecting the target path. ![]() Folders and files may be displayed in a hierarchical tree based on their directory structure. viewing, playing, editing or printing), renaming, copying, moving, deleting and searching for files, as well as modifying file attributes, properties and file permissions. The most common operations performed on files or groups of files include creating, opening (e.g. ![]() JSTOR ( September 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ī file manager or file browser is a computer program that provides a user interface to manage files and folders.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification. ![]()
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